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Commanded French forces during the Battle of Waterloo

Known for his short stature but towering ambition
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Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led the country in several military campaigns, including the infamous Battle of Waterloo.

Ruled Egypt during the construction of the Great Pyramids.

Pharaoh Khufu, also known as Cheops, was responsible for building the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
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Pharaoh Khufu, also known as Cheops, was responsible for building the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

Instrumental in the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989.

Introduced policies of glasnost and perestroika.
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Gorbachev's policies helped ease Cold War tensions and led to the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union.

Overthrown during the Cuban Revolution of 1959.

Led a dictatorship before being toppled by revolutionaries.
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Batista ruled Cuba before being overthrown by Fidel Castro’s forces during the Cuban Revolution.

First President of the United States.

Served as Commander-in-Chief during the American Revolution.
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Washington led the Continental Army to victory in the American Revolution and became the first U.S. President in 1789.

Signed the Emancipation Proclamation during the U.S. Civil War.

Assassinated in 1865 while attending a play.
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Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation declared the freedom of all slaves in Confederate-held territory.

Famous for his peaceful protests in the fight for civil rights in the U.S.

Delivered the iconic “I Have a Dream” speech.
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King was a key figure in the American Civil Rights Movement, advocating for racial equality through nonviolent resistance

Led the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Removed his shoes during a UN assembly.
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Khrushchev led the USSR during one of the most tense periods of the Cold War, which almost resulted in a nuclear confrontation with the United States.

First woman to become Prime Minister of Israel in 1969.

Often called the "Iron Lady of Israel."
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Golda Meir was known for her strong leadership during a time of great challenges for Israel, including the Yom Kippur War.

Implemented the New Deal to combat the Great Depression in the U.S.

Served four terms as U.S. President.
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FDR’s New Deal policies helped alleviate the worst effects of the Great Depression in the United States.

Declared himself Emperor of France in 1804.

Exiled to Elba and later to St. Helena.
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After crowning himself Emperor, Napoleon pursued a series of military campaigns across Europe until his eventual defeat.

2. Famous for leading India's non-violent independence movement.

Revered as the “Father of the Nation” in India.
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Mahatma Gandhi employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule.

Took over as leader of Nazi Germany in 1933.

Author of Mein Kampf.
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Hitler became the dictator of Germany and led the country into World War II, committing atrocities against humanity.

Credited with uniting most of Europe under his rule by 1810.

Known for his "Napoleonic Wars."
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Napoleon’s military campaigns helped to expand French influence over much of Europe before his defeat in 1815.

Key figure in South Africa’s anti-apartheid movement and became its first Black president.

Spent 27 years in prison before leading the country.
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Mandela’s leadership in the fight against apartheid and his presidency marked the end of institutionalized racial segregation in South Africa.

Unified Germany in the 19th century and served as its first Chancellor.

Known for his "Blood and Iron" speech.
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Bismarck was instrumental in unifying Germany under Prussian leadership and became the first Chancellor of the German Empire.

Leader of the Mongol Empire, creating one of the largest empires in history.

Known for his ruthless military conquests.
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Genghis Khan unified the Mongol tribes and led invasions across Asia and Europe, forming a vast empire.

Founded the People's Republic of China in 1949.

Led the Chinese Communist Party to victory.
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Mao established communist rule in China and led the country through significant social and economic changes.

First female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

Often referred to as the "Iron Lady."
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Thatcher was the first woman to lead a major Western democracy and served as UK Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990.

Assassinated in 44 BC, signaling the end of the Roman Republic

Famous for the phrase “Et tu, Brute?”
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Caesar’s assassination by members of the Senate led to the eventual rise of the Roman Empire under Augustus.